Tor 2024 is free software and an open network that helps you defend against a form of network surveillance that threatens personal freedom and privacy, confidential business activities and relationships, and state security known as traffic analysis.

Tor is a network of virtual tunnels that allows people and groups to improve their privacy and security on the Internet. It also enables software developers to create new communication tools with built-in privacy features. Tor provides the foundation for a range of applications that allow organizations and individuals to share information over public networks without compromising their privacy.

Individuals use Tor to keep websites from tracking them and their family members, or to connect to news sites, instant messaging services, or the like when these are blocked by their local Internet providers. Tor's hidden services let users publish web sites and other services without needing to reveal the location of the site. Individuals also use Tor for socially sensitive communication: chat rooms and web forums for rape and abuse survivors, or people with illnesses.

Who uses the Tor Browser?

With Tor Browser having made Tor more accessible to everyday internet users and activists, Tor was an instrumental tool during the Arab Spring beginning in late 2010. It not only protected people's identity online but also allowed them to access critical resources, social media, and websites which were blocked.

Individuals use Tor to keep websites from tracking them and their family members, or to connect to news sites, instant messaging services, or the like when these are blocked by their local Internet providers. Tor's hidden services let users publish web sites and other services without needing to reveal the location of the site. Individuals also use Tor for socially sensitive communication: chat rooms and web forums for rape and abuse survivors, or people with illnesses.

Journalists use Tor to communicate more safely with whistleblowers and dissidents. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) use Tor to allow their workers to connect to their home website while they're in a foreign country, without notifying everybody nearby that they're working with that organization.

Groups such as Indymedia recommend Tor for safeguarding their members' online privacy and security. Activist groups like the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) recommend Tor as a mechanism for maintaining civil liberties online. Corporations use Tor as a safe way to conduct competitive analysis, and to protect sensitive procurement patterns from eavesdroppers. They also use it to replace traditional VPNs, which reveal the exact amount and timing of communication. Which locations have employees working late? Which locations have employees consulting job-hunting websites? Which research divisions are communicating with the company's patent lawyers?

A branch of the U.S. Navy uses Tor for open source intelligence gathering, and one of its teams used Tor while deployed in the Middle East recently. Law enforcement uses Tor for visiting or surveilling web sites without leaving government IP addresses in their web logs, and for security during sting operations.

What is Tor Browser?

The Tor Browser is the flagship product from the Tor Project. The web browser is based on a modified version of Mozilla Firefox ESR that includes extras like the Tor proxy, TorButton, TorLauncher, NoScript, and HTTPS Everywhere extensions.

How does the Tor Browser keep my internet activity anonymous?

The Tor Browser uses the Tor network, which consists of more than six thousand relays located worldwide, to hide the users' location and online traffic. This ensures anonymity and avoids your activities from being seen by others.

Is Tor better than a VPN?

Tor is not a VPN. Tor is a free browser similar to Chrome or Firefox, but it includes features that encrypt your IP address, making your browsing sessions private. A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is software that can change your IP address when you use any browser installed on your PC. To learn more about VPNs, you can read this article.

Journalists use Tor to communicate more safely with whistleblowers and dissidents. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) use Tor to allow their workers to connect to their home website while they're in a foreign country, without notifying everybody nearby that they're working with that organization.

Groups such as Indymedia recommend Tor for safeguarding their members' online privacy and security. Activist groups like the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) recommend Tor as a mechanism for maintaining civil liberties online. Corporations use Tor as a safe way to conduct competitive analysis, and to protect sensitive procurement patterns from eavesdroppers. They also use it to replace traditional VPNs, which reveal the exact amount and timing of communication. Which locations have employees working late? Which locations have employees consulting job-hunting websites? Which research divisions are communicating with the company's patent lawyers?

A branch of the U.S. Navy uses Tor for open source intelligence gathering, and one of its teams used Tor while deployed in the Middle East recently. Law enforcement uses Tor for visiting or surveilling web sites without leaving government IP addresses in their web logs, and for security during sting operations.

Welcome Screen

Our old screen had way too much information for the users, leading many of them to spend great time confused about what to do. Some users at the paper experiment spent up to 40min confused about what they needed to be doing here. Besides simplifying the screen and the message, to make it easier for the user to know if they need to configure anything or not, we also did a 'brand refresh' bringing our logo to the launcher.

Censorship circumvention configuration

This is one of the most important steps for a user who is trying to connect to Tor while their network is censoring Tor. We also worked really hard to make sure the UI text would make it easy for the user to understand what a bridge is for and how to configure to use one. Another update was a little tip we added at the drop-down menu (as you can see below) for which bridge to use in countries that have very sophisticated censorship methods.

Proxy help information

The proxy settings at our Tor Launcher configuration wizard is an important feature for users who are under a network that demands such configuration. But it can also lead to a lot of confusion if the user has no idea what a proxy is. Since it is a very important feature for users, we decided to keep it in the main configuration screen and introduced a help prompt with an explanation of when someone would need such configuration.

As part of our work with the UX team, we will also be coordinating user testing of this new UI to continue iterating and make sure we are always improving our users' experience. We are also planning a series of improvements not only for the Tor Launcher flow but for the whole browser experience (once you are connected to Tor) including a new user onboarding flow. And last but not least we are streamlining both our mobile and desktop experience: Tor Browser 7.5 adapted the security slider design we did for mobile bringing the improved user experience to the desktop as well.

What's New

The full changelog since Tor Browser 13.5.7 for desktop and Tor Browser 13.5.8 for Android is:

All Platforms

  • Bug tor-browser#30543: compat: make spoofed orientation reflect spoofed screen dimensions
  • Bug tor-browser#30862: 10ms time precision via EXSLT date-time function
  • Bug tor-browser#41328: Follow firefox ESMify for Bug 1308512
  • Bug tor-browser#42054: ESR128: investigate - thorin's list
  • Bug tor-browser#42220: Flip all the possible preferences to prevent any automatic download
  • Bug tor-browser#42255: pdfjs.disabled used to be part of RFP until Bug 1838415; lock pref to false in stable
  • Bug tor-browser#42356: Review 000-tor-browser.js and 001-base-profile.js for 128
  • Bug tor-browser#42601: Check Bug 1894779: Allow font-face urls to be resource:// urls and relax CORS for resource:// URLs
  • Bug tor-browser#42611: Set clipboard.imageAsFile.enabled to false
  • Bug tor-browser#42646: Drop patch for tor-browser#40166
  • Bug tor-browser#42683: Create script to generate issue triage csv's from bugzilla query and git scraping
  • Bug tor-browser#42684: Disable network prefetch
  • Bug tor-browser#42685: compat: ESR128: enable textmetrics
  • Bug tor-browser#42716: Disable unwanted about:* pages
  • Bug tor-browser#42730: Make RemoteSettings use only local dumps
  • Bug tor-browser#42746: Extend prefers-contrast rules to include forced-colors
  • Bug tor-browser#42759: CI: remove localization file names that are in neither 14.0 nor 13.5 branches
  • Bug tor-browser#42814: Opt out from Firefox relay by default.
  • Bug tor-browser#42830: Enable WebAudio APIs
  • Bug tor-browser#42831: Remove the shopping components
  • Bug tor-browser#42867: Disable contentRelevancy component
  • Bug tor-browser#43011: Ship only one copy of the MIT license, like upstream.
  • Bug tor-browser#43012: Mixed content: browser requests HTTPS images from onion domain accessed via HTTP
  • Bug tor-browser#43013: security.mixed_content.upgrade_display_content.image is true by default
  • Bug tor-browser#43054: check bounceTrackingProtection in PB mode does not persist to disk
  • Bug tor-browser#43074: Pass the browser to TorDomainIsolator.newCircuitForBrowser
  • Bug tor-browser#43144: Ensure non-privacy browsing also sets the GPC header
  • Bug tor-browser#43163: Disable offscreen canvas until verified it is not fingerprintable
  • Bug tor-browser#43170: Disable user-agent spoofing in HTTP header
  • Bug tor-browser#43178: Audit fingerprinting overrides (MozBug 1834274)
  • Bug tor-browser#43184: Backport Bugzilla 1922294: RFP: fixup square spoofed orientation
  • Bug tor-browser#43197: Disable automatic exception for HTTPS-First

Windows + macOS + Linux

  • Updated Firefox to 128.3.0esr
  • Updated NoScript to 11.4.42
  • Bug tor-browser#40147: Re-enable Picture-in-Picture mode
  • Bug tor-browser#41309: Re-enable screenshots component
  • Bug tor-browser#41811: Primary buttons that result in a connection attempt should be purple
  • Bug tor-browser#41817: Add more color aliases that take dark mode into account
  • Bug tor-browser#41820: Downloads warning styling improvements (use moz-message-bar)
  • Bug tor-browser#42070: Backport Bugzilla 1834307 and hide smooth-scroll UX
  • Bug tor-browser#42212: Fluent migration: onion services
  • Bug tor-browser#42362: "New window" missing from File menu
  • Bug tor-browser#42441: Evaluate RR version-by-RR version rebases instead of ESR-to-ESR
  • Bug tor-browser#42488: ESR 128: Remove role="code" from tor circuit panel
  • Bug tor-browser#42603: Remove safebrowsing URLs
  • Bug tor-browser#42612: Re-implement moz-toggle customizations for ESR 128
  • Bug tor-browser#42617: Restore the HTML form on DDG when using safest in 128
  • Bug tor-browser#42629: Tweak isOnNewTabPage patch
  • Bug tor-browser#42630: Review LaterRun in 128
  • Bug tor-browser#42640: Disable Firefox Flame button due to unknown interactions with New Identity
  • Bug tor-browser#42641: Move from panel-footer class to moz-button-group
  • Bug tor-browser#42643: downloads panel separator has mismatched margin
  • Bug tor-browser#42644: toolbar rules in panelUI-shared.css are unneccessary
  • Bug tor-browser#42647: "Switching to a new device" regressed on 128
  • Bug tor-browser#42653: The Neterror page has a checkbox to report iframe origin errors to TPO
  • Bug tor-browser#42662: Use data-hidden-from-search for hiding the firefox connection settings
  • Bug tor-browser#42663: Tor Browser "Connection" settings missing a tooltip
  • Bug tor-browser#42665: Drop "Learn More" spacing
  • Bug tor-browser#42667: Add description-deemphasized class to our additions to about:preferences
  • Bug tor-browser#42679: Use a more robust approach to hide the "tracking protection" urlbar button
  • Bug tor-browser#42687: Disable Privacy-Preserving Attribution
  • Bug tor-browser#42695: Use --arrowpanel- variables for tor circuit panel spacing
  • Bug tor-browser#42698: Bridge card background contrast is low for bridge-moji
  • Bug tor-browser#42699: Drop level="top" attribute from panels
  • Bug tor-browser#42700: Remove !nodes condition from gTorCircuitPanel._updateCurrentBrowser
  • Bug tor-browser#42704: Drop the badged="true" attribute from security level button
  • Bug tor-browser#42705: Update our preferences to account for new line height
  • Bug tor-browser#42713: Some --in-content CSS variables were renamed/removed
  • Bug tor-browser#42718: Remove the firefox-view button from UI, even when always-on private-browsing mode is disabled
  • Bug tor-browser#42735: Disable recent search suggestions
  • Bug tor-browser#42740: Stop trying to hide "Restore previous session"
  • Bug tor-browser#42742: Inconsistent use of "New private window" vs "New window"
  • Bug tor-browser#42743: Invalid onion sites are shown as secure in the page info window
  • Bug tor-browser#42744: Light theme override for "about:tor" is inherited by chrome error pages.
  • Bug tor-browser#42745: Remove some residuals from update scripts
  • Bug tor-browser#42764: Unconditionally disable find-bar transition animation
  • Bug tor-browser#42777: Remove 'Website Privacy Preferences' and ensure sensible default prefs
  • Bug tor-browser#42803: Lost focus styling for built-in bridges radio options
  • Bug tor-browser#42806: Use the lh CSS unit
  • Bug tor-browser#42872: Disable translations until audited and solved the UX problems
  • Bug tor-browser#43015: Missing region-name-skr fluent entry when fetching TorConnect country names
  • Bug tor-browser#43067: Use html:link rather than xml-stylesheet in our dialogs
  • Bug tor-browser#43071: Make sure "tor-button" elements that are also "primary" still use the tor colors
  • Bug tor-browser#43072: moz-message-bar does not get announced on Orca screen-reader
  • Bug tor-browser#43075: Should we drop link spacing in about:tor
  • Bug tor-browser#43081: Remove hard-coded CSS line-height
  • Bug tor-browser#43082: Search engine icon is not shown while typing in the address bar
  • Bug tor-browser#43083: Backport fix for Mozilla 1436462
  • Bug tor-browser#43087: Onion pattern on about:torconnect needs a dark theme asset
  • Bug tor-browser#43103: Verify whether an update is unsupported before choosing one
  • Bug tor-browser#43104: Local files and extensions can't be loaded in new windows before bootstrap
  • Bug tor-browser#43105: Migrating Disconnect is not needed anymore
  • Bug tor-browser#43109: Remove mention of Firefox Relay from settings
  • Bug tor-browser#43115: Height of search bar has collapsed on about:tor
  • Bug tor-browser#43117: Hide 'Always underline links' option
  • Bug tor-browser#43118: hide CFR
  • Bug tor-browser#43131: Reduce layout jank when loading about:tor
  • Bug tor-browser#43134: Backport Bugzilla 1436226 Hardcode VP8/VP9
  • Bug tor-browser#43164: Prevent search-bar from being auto-hidden when not used for awhile
  • Bug tor-browser#43169: compat: align userAgent in navigator + HTTP Header
  • Bug tor-browser#43174: Issue with custom home page on local filesystem
  • Bug tor-browser#43209: UI freezes when clipboard is empty after screen lock
  • Bug tor-browser#43217: Fullscreen videos have rounded letterboxing corners
  • Bug tor-browser#43218: Switch to browser.reload, since Browser:Reload signal was dropped upstream
  • Bug tor-browser-build#41248: Check and update bundled font versions

Windows + macOS

  • Bug tor-browser#43021: Revert the OS deprecation notification introduced in #42347

macOS + Linux

  • Bug tor-browser#42467: Make OS HTTP User-Agent OS spoofing configurable by pref

Windows

  • Bug tor-browser#43051: windows: remove UI for "open Tor Browser automatically when computer starts"

macOS

  • Bug tor-browser#42494: mac: add Arial Black and Arial Narrow to allowlist

Linux

  • Bug tor-browser#42702: Cannot access the clipboard for the crypto address check (wayland)
  • Bug tor-browser#42773: Replace ~ with the original HOME
  • Bug tor-browser#43092: Disable Wayland by default in 14.0
  • Bug tor-browser#43101: Security features warning links to Firefox installation support page with incomplete info
  • Bug tor-browser#43141: Hardcode Arimo as a system-ui font
  • Bug tor-browser#43196: Remove the vendor name from the "is playing media" notification on Linux
  • Bug tor-browser-build#41237: Add some aliases to our Linux font config for compatibility